Abstract Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi green fruits essential oil (EO) was evaluated regarding its phytochemical profile, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities, and toxicity. Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry was applied to identify its constituents, thereafter the minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations, and its antibiofilm activity were evaluated. The EO cytotoxicity was assessed in tumor and non-tumor human cells, and in vivo toxicity was evaluated in a Galleria mellonella model. The major constituents of S. terebinthifolia EO were alpha-phellandrene and beta-phellandrene. The EO had a weak activity against all strains of Candida albicans (MIC 1000μg/mL) and had no activity against non-albicans strains, bacteria, and C. albicans biofilm. Cytostatic activity against all tumor cell lines was shown. Additionally, cell viability remained at EO concentrations up to 62.5 μg/mL. At 16 mg/mL, 50% hemolysis was observed, and it had low toxicity in vivo. Overall, the S. terebinthifolia EO was characterized by low antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities, with no evidence of toxicity to human tumor and non-tumor cells.

Abstract: We evaluated the antifungal and antibiofilm potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of bark from Anadenanthera colubrina (vell.) Brenan, known as Angico, against Candida spp. Antifungal activity was evaluated using the microdilution technique through the Minimum Inhibitory and Fungicide Concentrations (MIC and MFC). The antibiofilm potential was tested in mature biofilms formed by Candida species and analyzed through the counting of CFU/mL and scanning electron micrograph (SEM). In vivo toxicity and therapeutic action was evaluated in the Galleria mellonella model. The treatment with the extract, in low doses, was able to reduce the growth of planktonic cells of Candida species. MIC values range between 19.5 and 39 µg/mL and MFC values range between 79 and 625 µg/mL. In addition was able to reduce the number of CFU/mL in biofilms and to cause structural alteration and cellular destruction, observed via SEM. A. colubrina showed low toxicity in the in vivo assay, having not affected the viability of the larvae at doses below 100mg/kg and high potential in the treatment of C. albicans infection. Considering its high antifungal potential, its low toxicity and potential to treatment of infections in in vivo model, A. colubrina extract is a strong candidate for development of a new agent for the treatment of oral candidiasis.

Resumo Introdução Erosão dentária é a perda irreversível de tecido dentário, sem envolvimento bacteriano, cujo aumento de prevalência, nos últimos anos, tem sido alarmante. Objetivo Determinar a prevalência de erosão dentária, bem como fatores associados, em escolares de 06 a 13 anos, na cidade de Campina Grande, Paraíba. Material e método A seleção das escolas foi realizada por amostragem casual simples sem reposição. Após assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido, e do Termo de Assentimento, os exames foram realizados por um examinador previamente calibrado, com a criança sentada em uma cadeira escolar, em frente ao examinador, sob luz natural. Para a determinação da presença e do grau de erosão dentária, foi utilizado o índice de BEWE. Os dados foram analisados por meio do software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS para Windows, versão 18.0, SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, EUA) e adotou-se nível de significância de 5%. Resultado A prevalência de erosão dentária na população avaliada foi de 78,2%. Não foi possível associar a presença das lesões com os fatores socioeconômicos e dietéticos. Apenas a variável Aplicação Tópica de Flúor (ATF) apresentou relação estatisticamente significativa (p=0,012). Conclusão A alta prevalência de erosão dentária na população avaliada demonstra a necessidade da implementação de medidas assistenciais e preventivas, em curto e longo prazo.

Abstract Introduction Dental erosion is the irreversible loss of dental tissue, without bacterial involvement, whose increased prevalence in recent years has been alarming. Objective To determine the prevalence of dental erosion, as well as associated factors, in school children from 06 to 13 years of age, in the city of Campina Grande, PB. Material and method Selection of schools was performed by simple random sampling without replacement. After signing the Informed Consent Term and Assent Term, the examinations were performed by a previously calibrated examiner, with the child sitting in a school chair in front of the examiner in natural light. To determine the presence and degree of dental erosion, the BEWE index was used. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS for Windows, version 18.0, SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA) and a significance level of 5% was used. Result The prevalence of dental erosion in the evaluated population was 78.2%. It was not possible to associate the presence of lesions with socioeconomic and dietary factors. Only the variable Topical Application of Fluoride (TFA) presented a statistically significant relation (p = 0.012). Conclusion The high prevalence of dental erosion in the evaluated population demonstrates the need to implement preventive and preventive measures in the short and long term.